Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
Volume 4, Issue 5 , Pages 211-214 , September 2010

Central blood pressure measurements—an opportunity for efficacy and safety in drug development?

  • Raymond R. Townsend, MD

      Affiliations

    • University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author: Raymond R. Townsend, MD, University of Pennsylvania, 122 Founders Building, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104. Tel: 215–662–4630; fax: 215–662–3459.
    • ,
  • Mary J. Roman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
    • ,
  • Samer S. Najjar, MD

      Affiliations

    • Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
    • ,
  • John R. Cockcroft, MD

      Affiliations

    • Wales Heart Institute, Cardiff, Wales, UK
    • ,
  • Peter U. Feig, MD

      Affiliations

    • Merck & Co., Rahway, New Jersey, USA
    • ,
  • Norman L. Stockbridge, MD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Food and Drug Administration, Rockville, Maryland, USA

References 

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  2. Webb AJ, Fischer U, Mehta Z, Rothwell PM. Effects of antihypertensive-drug class on interindividual variation in blood pressure and risk of stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet. 2010;375:906–915
  3. Zanchetti A. Bottom blood pressure or bottom cardiovascular risk? How far can cardiovascular risk be reduced?. J Hypertens. 2009;27:1509–1520
  4. Law MR, Morris JK, Wald NJ. Use of blood pressure lowering drugs in the prevention of cardiovascular disease: meta-analysis of 147 randomised trials in the context of expectations from prospective epidemiological studies. BMJ. 2009;338:b1665
  5. Protogerou AD, Stergiou GS, Vlachopoulos C, Blacher J, Achimastos A. The effect of antihypertensive drugs on central blood pressure beyond peripheral blood pressure. Part II: evidence for specific class-effects of antihypertensive drugs on pressure amplification. Curr Pharm Des. 2009;15:272–289
  6. Laurent S, Cockcroft J, Van Bortel L, Boutouyrie P, Giannattasio C, Hayoz D, et al. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications. Eur Heart J. 2006;27:2588–2605
  7. Deloach SS, Townsend RR. Vascular stiffness: its measurement and significance for epidemiologic and outcome studies. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3:184–192
  8. Hermans MM, Henry R, Dekker JM, Kooman JP, Kostense PJ, Nijpels G, et al. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion are independently associated with greater arterial stiffness: the Hoorn Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2007;18:1942–1952
  9. McEniery CM, Yasmin , McDonnell B, Munnery M, Wallace SM, Rowe CV, et al. Central pressure: variability and impact of cardiovascular risk factors. The Anglo-Cardiff Collaborative Trial II. Hypertension. 2008;51:1476–1482
  10. Townsend RR, Wimmer NJ, Chirinos JA, Parsa A, Weir M, Perumal K, et al. Aortic PWV in chronic kidney disease: a CRIC ancillary study. Am J Hypertens. 2010;23:282–289
  11. Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Kizer JR, Lee ET, Galloway JM, Ali T, et al. Central pressure more strongly relates to vascular disease and outcome than does brachial pressure: the Strong Heart Study. Hypertension. 2007;50:197–203
  12. Roman MJ, Devereux RB, Kizer JR, Okin PM, Lee ET, Wang W, et al. High central pulse pressure is independently associated with adverse cardiovascular outcome: the strong heart study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2009;54:1730–1734
  13. Pini R, Cavallini MC, Palmieri V, Marchionni N, Di BM, Devereux RB, et al. Central but not brachial blood pressure predicts cardiovascular events in an unselected geriatric population: the ICARe Dicomano Study. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2008;51:2432–2439
  14. Wang KL, Cheng HM, Sung SH, Chuang SY, Li CH, Spurgeon HA, et al. Wave reflection and arterial stiffness in the prediction of 15-year all-cause and cardiovascular mortalities: a community-based study. Hypertension. 2010;55:799–805
  15. Mitchell GF, Hwang SJ, Vasan RS, Larson MG, Pencina MJ, Hamburg NM, et al. Arterial stiffness and cardiovascular events: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2010;121:505–511
  16. Wilkinson IB, McEniery CM, Cockcroft JR. Atenolol and cardiovascular risk: an issue close to the heart. Lancet. 2006;367:627–629
  17. Kelly RP, Gibbs HH, O’Rourke MF, Daley JE, Mang K, Morgan JJ, et al. Nitroglycerin has more favourable effects on left ventricular afterload than apparent from measurement of pressure in a peripheral artery. Eur Heart J. 1990;11:138–144
  18. Schillaci G, De Socio GV, Pirro M, Savarese G, Mannarino MR, Baldelli F, et al. Impact of treatment with protease inhibitors on aortic stiffness in adult patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2005;25:2381–2385
  19. Sevastianova K, Sutinen J, Westerbacka J, Ristola M, Yki-Jarvinen H. Arterial stiffness in HIV-infected patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy. Antivir Ther. 2005;10:925–935
  20. Society of Actuaries . Blood pressure: report of the Joint Committee on Mortality of the Association of Life Insurance Medical Directors and the Actuarial Society of America. New York: Society of Actuaries; 1925;

PII: S1933-1711(10)00159-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2010.07.002

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
Volume 4, Issue 5 , Pages 211-214 , September 2010

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