Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
Volume 3, Issue 6 , Pages 403-415 , November 2009

Costs associated with cardiovascular events in patients with hypertension in US managed care settings

  • Mei Sheng Duh, MPH, ScD

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author: Mei Sheng Duh, MPH, ScD, Analysis Group, Inc., 111 Huntington Avenue, 10th Floor, Boston, Massachusetts 02199. Tel: 617-425-8131; fax: 617-425-8001.
  • ,
  • Nicole M. Fulcher, MA

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • ,
  • Leigh Ann White, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • ,
  • Sujata S. Jayawant, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • ,
  • Priyanka Ramamurthy, BA

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • ,
  • Erick Moyneur, MA

      Affiliations

    • Analysis Group, Inc., Boston, Massachusetts, USA
  • ,
  • Siew Hwa Ong, MSc

      Affiliations

    • Global Health Economics & Outcomes Research, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland

Received 12 June 2009 ,Accepted 8 September 2009.

References 

  1. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Effective healthcare. Available at: http://effectivehealthcare.ahrq.gov/getInvolved.cfm?involvetype=rs&topicID=93&source=current. Accessed: July 21, 2009.
  2. Flack JM, Casciano R, Casciano J, Doyle J, Arikian S, Tang S, et al. Cardiovascular disease costs associated with uncontrolled hypertension. Managed Care Interface. 2002;15:28–36
  3. Kung HC, Hoyert DL, Xu JQ, Murphy SL. Deaths: final data for 2005. National Vital Statistics Reports (Vol. 56, No. 10). Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics; 2008;
  4. Vasan RS, Beiser A, Seshadri S, Larson MG, Kannel WB, D'Agustino RB, et al. Residual lifetime risk for developing hypertension in middle-aged women and men: the Framingham Heart Study. JAMA. 2002;287:1003–1010
  5. Kannel WB. Some lessons in cardiovascular epidemiology from Framingham. Am J Cardiol. 1976;37:269–285
  6. Selby JV, Peng T, Karter AJ, Alexander M, Sidney S, Lian J, et al. High rates of co-occurrence of hypertension, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and diabetes mellitus in a large managed care population. Am J Managed Care. 2004;10:163–170
  7. Dickey RA, Janick JJ. Lifestyle modifications in the prevention and treatment of hypertension. Endocrine Practice. 2001;7:92–99
  8. Druss BG, Marcus SC, Olfson M, Tanielian T, Elinson L, Pincus HA. Comparing the national economic burden of five chronic conditions. Health Affairs. 2001;20:233–241
  9. Hodgson TA, Cohen AJ. Medical care expenditures for selected circulatory diseases: opportunities for reducing national health expenditures. Med Care. 1999;37:994–1012
  10. Hodgson TA, Cai L. Medical care expenditures for hypertension, its complications, and its comorbidities. Med Care. 2001;39:599–615
  11. Hing E, Cherry DK, Woodwell DA. National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2004 summary. Advance Data. 2006;374:1–36
  12. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, et al. Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure. Hypertension. 2003;42:1205–1252
  13. Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR, Cushman WC, Green LA, Izzo JL, et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003;289:2560–2572
  14. Mancia G. Treatment of hypertension and ischemic heart disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1989;14:S12–S19
  15. Cutler DM, Long G, Berndt ER, Royer J, Fournier AA, Sasser A, et al. The value of antihypertensive drugs: a perspective on medical innovation. Health Affairs. 2007;26:97–110
  16. Javitz HS, Ward MM, Watson JB, Jaana M. Cost of illness of chronic angina. Am J Managed Care. 2004;10:S358–S369
  17. Etemad LR, McCollam PL. Total first-year costs of acute coronary syndrome in a managed care setting. J Managed Care Pharm. 2005;11:300–306
  18. Trogdon JG, Finkelstein EA, Nwaise IA, Tangka FK, Orenstein D. The economic burden of chronic cardiovascular disease for major insurers. Health Promotion Pract. 2007;8:234–242
  19. Mensah GA, Brown DW. An overview of cardiovascular disease burden in the United States. Health Affairs. 2007;26:38–48
  20. Jackson JH, Frech F, Ronen R, Mullany L, Lennert B, Jhaveri V. Assessment of drug therapy management and the prevalence of heart failure in a managed care population with hypertension. J Managed Care Pharm. 2004;10:513–520
  21. Margolis KL, Piller LB, Ford CE, Henriquez MA, Cushman WC, Einhorn PT, et al. Blood pressure control in Hispanics in the Antihypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial. Hypertension. 2007;50:854–861
  22. Romano PS, Roos LL, Jollis JG. Adapting a clinical comorbidity index for use with ICD-9-CM administrative data: differing perspectives. J Clin Epidemiol. 1993;46:1075–1079discussion: 1081–90
  23. Palmer BF. Management of hypertension in patients with chronic kidney disease and diabetes mellitus. Am J Med. 2008;121:S16–S22

 This study was funded by Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland. The results of the study were not contingent on the funding.

 Conflict of interest: none.

PII: S1933-1711(09)00106-5

doi: 10.1016/j.jash.2009.09.001

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension
Volume 3, Issue 6 , Pages 403-415 , November 2009