Differential effects of extended-release carvedilol and extended-release metoprolol on lipid profiles in patients with hypertension: results of the Extended-Release Carvedilol Lipid Trial

Abstract 

Some β-blockers, although they are effective antihypertensive agents, may adversely effect dyslipidemia and decrease insulin sensitivity. β-blockers without adverse metabolic effects may provide an improvement in long-term hypertension therapy. Hypertensive patients (n = 568) without diabetes, not requiring lipid-lowering therapy, were randomized to once-daily extended-release carvedilol or extended-release metoprolol and titrated to target blood pressure (BP). Co-primary endpoints were comparison between groups in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) or triglycerides at 24 weeks. Extended-release carvedilol was superior to extended-release metoprolol in meeting the primary endpoint of a difference in triglycerides; the median % change in triglycerides being −8.026% (P = .0141; 97.5% confidence interval [CI], −15.35, −0.67)] from baseline to 24 weeks. Triglycerides were unchanged with carvedilol and increased with metoprolol. There was no significant difference in effect on HDL. BP was similar between treatment groups. There was a significant decrease with extended-release carvedilol vs. extended-release metoprolol in insulin (−2.56 μU/mL [P = .0213; 95% CI, −4.74 to −0.38]) and c-peptide [(−0.43 ng/mL [P = .0007; 95% CI, −0.68 to −0.18]). In hypertension, extended-release carvedilol resulted in lower triglycerides, insulin, and C-peptide levels compared with extended-release metoprolol. Similar effects were observed in high-risk subgroups. Both treatments were well tolerated. This differential metabolic profile could be useful in determining antihypertensive treatment options.

Keywords: Beta-blockers, dyslipidemia, cardiovascular disease, blood pressure